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Naziv
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Footprinting
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Sažetak
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An adversary engages in probing and exploration activities to identify constituents and properties of the target. Footprinting is a general term to describe a variety of information gathering techniques, often used by attackers in preparation for some attack. It consists of using tools to learn as much as possible about the composition, configuration, and security mechanisms of the targeted application, system or network. Information that might be collected during a footprinting effort could include open ports, applications and their versions, network topology, and similar information. While footprinting is not intended to be damaging (although certain activities, such as network scans, can sometimes cause disruptions to vulnerable applications inadvertently) it may often pave the way for more damaging attacks.
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Preduvjeti
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An application must publicize identifiable information about the system or application through voluntary or involuntary means. Certain identification details of information systems are visible on communication networks (e.g., if an adversary uses a sniffer to inspect the traffic) due to their inherent structure and protocol standards. Any system or network that can be detected can be footprinted. However, some configuration choices may limit the useful information that can be collected during a footprinting attack.
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Rješenja
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['Keep patches up to date by installing weekly or daily if possible.', 'Shut down unnecessary services/ports.', 'Change default passwords by choosing strong passwords.', 'Curtail unexpected input.', 'Encrypt and password-protect sensitive data.', "Avoid including information that has the potential to identify and compromise your organization's security such as access to business plans, formulas, and proprietary documents."]
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